Chitsime: Sukulu ya Sayansi ya Zaulimi ya ku China
[Chiyambi] Kuchuluka kwa adyo m'malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chowunikira kuchuluka kwa adyo pamsika, ndipo deta ya zinthu zomwe zili m'malo osungiramo zinthu imakhudza kusintha kwa msika wa adyo m'malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira pansi pa zomwe zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali. Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa adyo komwe kwasonkhanitsidwa m'chilimwe kudzapitirira matani 5 miliyoni, kufika pachimake m'mbiri. Pambuyo pofika kwa deta yayikulu yosungiramo zinthu kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, kuchuluka kwa adyo m'malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira kwa kanthawi kochepa kudzakhala kofooka, koma sikudzachepa kwambiri. Maganizo onse a omwe akusunga ndalama ndi abwino. Kodi tsogolo la msika ndi lotani?
Kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala 2022, adyo watsopano ndi wakale adzakhala matani 5.099 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 14.76% pachaka, 161.49% kuposa kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo zinthu m'zaka 10 zapitazi, ndi 52.43% kuposa kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo zinthu m'zaka 10 zapitazi. Adyo omwe ali m'malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira munyengo ino yopangira afika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.
1. Mu 2022, dera ndi kuchuluka kwa adyo komwe amakolola nthawi yachilimwe kunawonjezeka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa adyo komwe amasungidwa m'malo ozizira kunafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.
Mu 2021, malo obzala adyo ogulitsa m'dzinja kumpoto adzakhala 6.67 miliyoni mu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa adyo komwe kudzakololedwa m'chilimwe kudzakhala matani 8020000 mu 2022. Malo obzala ndi zokolola zidakwera ndipo zidafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri m'mbiri. Kuchuluka kwa zokolola zonse ndi kofanana ndi komwe kudachitika mu 2020, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa 9.93% poyerekeza ndi mtengo wapakati pazaka zisanu zaposachedwa.
Ngakhale kuti adyo alipo ambiri chaka chino, amalonda ena aganiza kuti adyo watsopano ali ndi matani opitilira 5 miliyoni asanasungidwe, koma chidwi chofuna kugula adyo watsopano chikadali chachikulu. Poyamba kupanga adyo m'chilimwe cha 2022, anthu ambiri omwe adatenga nawo mbali pamsika adapita kumsika kukagula katunduyo atamaliza kafukufuku woyambira. Nthawi yosungiramo ndi kulandira adyo watsopano wouma chaka chino inali yoposa zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Kumapeto kwa Meyi, adyo watsopanoyo sanaume kwathunthu. Ogulitsa m'misika yamkati ndi ogulitsa ena osungira akunja adabwera pamsika motsatizana kudzagula katunduyo. Nthawi yosungiramo katundu inali kuyambira pa 8 Juni mpaka 15 Julayi.
2. Mtengo wotsika umakopa ogulitsa malo osungiramo zinthu kuti alowe mwachangu pamsika kuti alandire katundu
Malinga ndi malipoti oyenera, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti adyo wouma kumene asungidwe chaka chino akhale ndi phindu lotsika la adyo chaka chino. Mtengo woyambira wa adyo wachilimwe mu 2022 uli pakati pa zaka zisanu zapitazi. Kuyambira Juni mpaka Ogasiti, mtengo wapakati wogulira adyo watsopano m'nyumba zosungiramo unali 1.86 yuan/kg, kutsika kwa 24.68% poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha; Ndi wotsika ndi 17.68% kuposa mtengo wapakati wa 2.26 yuan/jin m'zaka zisanu zapitazi.
Mu nyengo yopangira ya 2019/2020 ndi 2021/2022, malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira m'chaka chomwe mitengo yake inali yokwera kwambiri munthawi yatsopanoyi adataya zinthu zambiri, ndipo phindu lapakati pa mtengo wosungiramo zinthu zakale mu nyengo yopangira ya 2021/2022 linafika pa - 137.83%. Komabe, mu chaka cha 2018/2019 ndi 2020/2021, adyo wosungiramo zinthu ozizira adapanga zinthu zatsopano zotsika mtengo, ndipo phindu lapakati pa mtengo wosungiramo zinthu zakale mu 2018/2019 linafika pa 60.29%, pomwe mu chaka cha 2020/2021, pomwe zinthu zakale kwambiri zinali pafupi matani 4.5 miliyoni chaka chino chisanafike, phindu lapakati pa katundu woyamba wa adyo wosungiramo zinthu ozizira linali 19.95%, ndipo phindu lalikulu linali 30.22%. Mtengo wotsika ndi wokopa kwambiri makampani osungiramo zinthu kuti alandire katundu.
Mu nyengo yopangira kuyambira Juni mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, mtengo unayamba kukwera, kenako unatsika, kenako unabwereranso pang'ono. Poganizira za kuwonjezeka kochepa kwa zinthu zomwe zilipo komanso mtengo wotsegulira, ogulitsa ambiri osungira zinthu chaka chino adasankha mfundo yofanana ndi mtengo wamaganizo kuti alowe mumsika, nthawi zonse amatsatira mfundo yoti agule mitengo yotsika komanso mtengo wokwera osatsata. Ambiri mwa omwe adayika ndalama sanayembekezere kuti phindu la adyo wosungiramo zinthu zozizira lidzakhala lalikulu. Ambiri mwa iwo adati phindu lidzakhala pafupifupi 20%, ndipo ngakhale kuti palibe mwayi wopeza phindu, akhoza kutaya ngakhale ndalama zomwe zayikidwa posungira adyo zinali zochepa chaka chino.
3. Kuchepa kwa chiyembekezochi kumathandiza kuti makampani osungiramo zinthu azidalira kwambiri msika wamtsogolo.
Pakadali pano, akuyembekezeka kuti malo obzala adyo omwe adabzalidwa m'dzinja la 2022 achepa, zomwe zimapangitsa makampani osungira kuti asankhe kusunga katunduyo. Kufunika kwa adyo wosungira m'malo ozizira kudzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pa Seputembala 15, ndipo kufunikira kowonjezereka kudzawonjezera chidaliro cha makampani osungira kuti atenge nawo gawo pamsika. Kumapeto kwa Seputembala, madera onse obzala mbewu adalowa mu gawo lobzala motsatizana. Kukhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono kwa nkhani yochepetsa mbewu mu Okutobala kudzalimbitsa chidaliro cha omwe adasunga. Panthawiyo, mtengo wa adyo m'malo ozizira ungakwere.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-28-2022