Umthombo: I-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
[Intshayelelo] Uluhlu lwegalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo luphawu olubalulekileyo lokujonga ukunikezelwa kwemarike yegalikhi, kwaye idatha yempahla ichaphazela utshintsho lwemarike yegalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo phantsi komkhwa wexesha elide. Ngo-2022, uluhlu lwegalikhi oluvunwe ehlotyeni luya kudlula iitoni ezi-5 zezigidi, lufikelele kwincopho yembali. Emva kokufika kwedatha ephezulu yempahla ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, umkhwa wexesha elifutshane wemarike yegalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo uya kuba buthathaka, kodwa awunciphi kakhulu. Ingqondo iyonke yabagcini bemali ilungile. Ithini imikhwa yexesha elizayo yemarike?
Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba 2022, isitokhwe segalikhi entsha nendala siza kuba yi-5.099 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka kwe-14.76% ngonyaka, i-161.49% ngaphezulu kwesixa esincinci sendawo yokugcina izinto kwiminyaka eli-10 yakutshanje, kunye ne-52.43% ngaphezulu kwesixa esiqhelekileyo sendawo yokugcina izinto kwiminyaka eli-10 yakutshanje. Isitokhwe segalikhi kwindawo yokugcina izinto ebandayo kweli xesha lemveliso sifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
1. Ngowama-2022, indawo kunye nemveliso yegalikhi evunwe ehlotyeni yanda, kwaye uluhlu lwegalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo lwafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu.
Ngowama-2021, indawo yokutyala igalikhi yorhwebo yasekwindla emantla iya kuba yi-6.67 yezigidi zeerandi, kwaye imveliso iyonke yegalikhi evunwe ehlotyeni iya kuba yi-8020000 yeetoni ngo-2022. Indawo yokutyala kunye nesivuno sanda saza sasondela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lembali. Imveliso iyonke iyafana naleyo yango-2020, kunye nokunyuka kwe-9.93% xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso eliqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emihlanu yakutshanje.
Nangona ukunikezelwa kwegalikhi kukhulu kakhulu kulo nyaka, abanye oosomashishini baye baqikelela ukuba uluhlu lwegalikhi entsha lungaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-5 zeetoni ngaphambi kokuba igcinwe, kodwa umdla wokuthengwa kwegalikhi entsha usephezulu. Ekuqaleni kwemveliso yegalikhi ehlotyeni lowama-2022, abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi kwimarike baya kwimarike ukuze bafumane iimpahla emva kokugqiba uphando olusisiseko lolwazi. Ixesha lokugcina nokwamkela igalikhi entsha eyomileyo kulo nyaka lalingaphezulu kweminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, igalikhi entsha yayingekapheli ngokupheleleyo. Abathengisi bemarike yasekhaya kunye nabanye ababoneleli beendawo zokugcina impahla bamanye amazwe beza ngokulandelelana kwimarike ukuze bafumane iimpahla. Ixesha lokugcina impahla kwindawo enye laliqala nge-8 kaJuni ukuya kwi-15 kaJulayi.
2. Ixabiso eliphantsi litsala ababoneleli beendawo zokugcina impahla ukuba bangene kwimarike ukuze bafumane iimpahla
Ngokweengxelo ezifanelekileyo, eyona nto iphambili exhasa ukugcina igalikhi esandul’ ukomiswa kulo nyaka yinzuzo ephantsi yegalikhi kulo nyaka. Ixabiso lokuqala legalikhi yasehlotyeni ngo-2022 likwinqanaba eliphakathi kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. Ukususela ngoJuni ukuya ku-Agasti, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthenga igalikhi entsha kwindawo yokugcina impahla yayiyi-1.86 yuan/kg, ukwehla kwe-24.68% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo; Ingaphantsi nge-17.68% kunexabiso eliqhelekileyo le-2.26 yuan/jin kwiminyaka emihlanu yakutshanje.
Kwixesha lemveliso lika-2019/2020 kunye no-2021/2022, indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo kunyaka wokufumana amaxabiso aphezulu kwixesha elitsha ilahlekelwe kakhulu, kwaye umda wenzuzo ophakathi weendleko zokugcina izinto kwixesha lemveliso lika-2021/2022 ufikelele ubuncinane kwi-137.83%. Nangona kunjalo, kunyaka ka-2018/2019 kunye no-2020/2021, igalikhi yokugcina izinto ezibandayo ivelise iimpahla ezintsha ezinexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye umda wenzuzo wexabiso eliphakathi lokugcina izinto ezinqabileyo kwi-inventory yokuqala ka-2018/2019 ufikelele kwi-60.29%, ngelixa kunyaka ka-2020/2021, xa i-inventory ephezulu yembali yayisondele kwi-4.5 yezigidi zeetoni ngaphambi kwalo nyaka, umda wenzuzo ophakathi kwi-inventory yokuqala yegalikhi yokugcina izinto ezibandayo yayiyi-19.95%, kwaye umda wenzuzo ophezulu wawuyi-30.22%. Ixabiso eliphantsi linomtsalane ngakumbi kwiinkampani zokugcina izinto ukuba zifumane iimpahla.
Kwixesha lemveliso ukususela ngoJuni ukuya ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, ixabiso laqala ukunyuka, laza lehla, laza laphinda labuya kancinci. Ngokuchasene nokunyuka okuphantsi kokunikezelwa kunye nexabiso lokuvula, uninzi lwababoneleli beendawo zokugcina kulo nyaka bakhethe indawo ekufutshane nexabiso lengqondo lokungena kwimarike, behlala benamathela kumgaqo wokufumana amaxabiso aphantsi kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lokungalandeli. Uninzi lwabagcini bemali babengalindelanga ukuba inzuzo yegalikhi yokugcina ebandayo ibe phezulu. Uninzi lwabo luthe inzuzo iya kuba malunga ne-20%, kwaye nokuba bekungekho thuba lokuphuma kwinzuzo, banokukwazi ukulahlekelwa nokuba imali etyalwe ekugcinweni kwegalikhi incinci kulo nyaka.
3. Ulindelo lokunciphisa luxhasa ukuzithemba okukhulu kweenkampani zokugcina izinto kwimarike yexesha elizayo
Okwangoku, kulindeleke ukuba indawo yokutyala igalikhi etyalwe ekwindla ka-2022 inciphe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iinkampani zokugcina zikhethe ukugcina iimpahla. Imfuno yemarike yasekhaya yegalikhi ebanda iya kunyuka kancinci malunga noSeptemba 15, kwaye imfuno ekhulayo iya kukhulisa ukuzithemba kweenkampani zokugcina ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kwimarike. Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, zonke iindawo ezivelisayo zingene kwinqanaba lokutyala ngokulandelelana. Ukuphunyezwa kancinci kancinci kweendaba zokunciphisa imbewu ngo-Okthobha kuya kuqinisa ukuzithemba kwabagcini bemali. Ngelo xesha, ixabiso legalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebanda linokunyuka.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-28-2022