Ibigega by'itungurusumu mu gihembwe gishya cy'isarura mu Bushinwa byageze ku gahigo gashya ko hejuru

Isoko: Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubuhinzi ry'Abashinwa

[Intangiriro] Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa bya tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kugenzura uko isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bitangwa, kandi amakuru ajyanye n'ibicuruzwa agira ingaruka ku ihinduka ry'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bya tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje mu gihe kirekire. Muri 2022, ububiko bw'ibicuruzwa bya tungurusumu byasaruwe mu mpeshyi buzarenga toni miliyoni 5, bikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka. Nyuma yo kubona amakuru menshi ajyanye n'ibicuruzwa mu ntangiriro za Nzeri, icyerekezo cy'igihe gito cy'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bya tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje kizaba gito, ariko ntikigabanuke cyane. Muri rusange, imyumvire y'ababitsa ni myiza. Ni iyihe myumvire y'isoko mu gihe kizaza?

Mu ntangiriro za Nzeri 2022, ububiko bw'ibitunguru bishya n'ibishaje buzaba toni miliyoni 5.099, ubwiyongere bwa 14.76% ugereranyije n'umwaka, 161.49% ugereranyije n'ingano ntoya y'ububiko mu myaka 10 ishize, na 52.43% ugereranyije n'ingano mpuzandengo y'ububiko mu myaka 10 ishize. Ububiko bw'ibitunguru mu bubiko bukonje muri iki gihembwe cy'umusaruro bwageze ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane.

1. Mu 2022, ubuso n'umusaruro wa tungurusumu byasaruwe mu mpeshyi byiyongereye, kandi ububiko bwa tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje bwageze ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane

Mu 2021, ubuso bw'itungurusumu yo mu gihe cy'impeshyi mu majyaruguru buzaba miliyoni 6.67 za mu., naho umusaruro wose wa tungurusumu wasaruwe mu mpeshyi uzaba toni 8020000 muri 2022. Ubuso bw'ihingwa n'umusaruro byariyongereye kandi bigera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka. Umusaruro wose ni umwe n'uwo mu 2020, wiyongereyeho 9.93% ugereranije n'agaciro mpuzandengo mu myaka itanu ishize.

Nubwo umusaruro w’itungurusumu muri uyu mwaka ari munini, bamwe mu ba rwiyemezamirimo bavuze ko ububiko bw’itungurusumu nshya burenga toni miliyoni 5 mbere yuko ishyirwa mu bubiko, ariko ishyaka ryo kugura tungurusumu nshya riracyari hejuru. Mu ntangiriro z’umusaruro w’itungurusumu mu mpeshyi ya 2022, abitabiriye isoko benshi bagiye ku isoko kugura ibicuruzwa nyuma yo kurangiza ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze. Igihe cyo kubika no kwakira tungurusumu nshya yumye muri uyu mwaka cyari kirenze imyaka ibiri yashize. Mu mpera za Gicurasi, tungurusumu nshya ntiyari yumye burundu. Abacuruzi bo mu isoko ryo mu gihugu n’abatanga ububiko bw’abanyamahanga bagiye baza ku isoko kugura ibicuruzwa. Igihe cyo kubika ibicuruzwa cyari kuva ku ya 8 Kamena kugeza ku ya 15 Nyakanga.

2. Igiciro gito gikurura abacuruza ububiko kugira ngo binjire ku isoko kugira ngo bakire ibicuruzwa

Nk’uko raporo zibigaragaza, ikintu gikomeye cyateye inkunga mu kubika tungurusumu nshya yumye muri uyu mwaka ni inyungu iri hasi ya tungurusumu muri uyu mwaka. Igiciro cya mbere cya tungurusumu mu mpeshyi muri 2022 kiri ku rwego rwo hagati mu myaka itanu ishize. Kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Kanama, igiciro mpuzandengo cya tungurusumu nshya cyo kugura mu bubiko cyari 1.86 yuan/kg, cyagabanutseho 24.68% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize; kiri hasi ho 17.68% ugereranyije n’agaciro mpuzandengo ka 2.26 yuan/jin mu myaka itanu ishize.

Mu gihembwe cy'umusaruro cya 2019/2020 na 2021/2022, ububiko bukonje mu mwaka w'ibiciro biri hejuru mu gihe gishya bwahuye n'igihombo kinini, kandi inyungu y'ikiguzi cyo kubika mu gihembwe cy'umusaruro cya 2021/2022 yageze nibura kuri 137.83%. Ariko, mu mwaka wa 2018/2019 na 2020/2021, tungurusumu yo kubika mu buryo bukonje yakoze ibicuruzwa bishya bihendutse, kandi inyungu y'ikiguzi cy'ikiguzi cyo kubika mu buryo busanzwe cya 2018/2019 yageze kuri 60.29%, mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2020/2021, ubwo ububiko bwari hejuru cyane mu mateka bwari hafi toni miliyoni 4.5 mbere y'uyu mwaka, inyungu y'ikiguzi cy ...

Mu gihembwe cy'umusaruro kuva muri Kamena kugeza mu ntangiriro za Nzeri, igiciro cyabanje kuzamuka, hanyuma kigabanuka, hanyuma kikongeraho gato. Bitewe n'uko igiciro cyongerewe ku isoko cyari gito cyane ndetse n'igiciro cyafunguwe, abatanga serivisi zo kubika ibicuruzwa muri uyu mwaka bahisemo ahantu hafi y'igiciro cyo mu mutwe kugira ngo binjire ku isoko, bahora bubahiriza ihame ryo kugura igiciro gito no kudakurikirana igiciro kinini. Abenshi mu babitsaga ibicuruzwa ntibiteze ko inyungu y'itungurusumu yo kubika ibicuruzwa ikonje izaba iri hejuru. Abenshi muri bo bavuze ko inyungu izaba hafi 20%, kandi nubwo nta mahirwe yo kuzamuka ku nyungu, bashobora kwihanganira guhomba nubwo amafaranga yashowe mu kubika tungurusumu yaba make muri uyu mwaka.

3. Igabanuka ry’icyizere rishyigikira icyizere cy’ibigo by’ububiko ku isoko ry’ejo hazaza

Kugeza ubu, biteganijwe ko ubuso bwo guteramo tungurusumu bwatewe mu gihembwe cy'impeshyi cya 2022 buzagabanuka, ari na byo bituma amasosiyete abikamo ibintu ahitamo kugumana ibicuruzwa. Ubusabe bw'isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu bwo kubika tungurusumu bukonje buziyongera buhoro buhoro ahagana ku ya 15 Nzeri, kandi ubusabe bwiyongereye buzongera icyizere cy'amasosiyete abikamo kugira ngo yifatanye n'isoko. Mu mpera za Nzeri, ahantu hose hahingwaga umusaruro hinjiye mu cyiciro cyo gutera buhoro buhoro. Gushyira mu bikorwa inkuru yo kugabanya imbuto mu Ukwakira bizashimangira icyizere cy'ababitsa. Muri icyo gihe, igiciro cya tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje gishobora kuzamuka.