Hōʻike ka ʻikepili i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hana kālika honua i kahi ulu paʻa mai 2014 a 2020. Ma ka 2020, ʻo 32 miliona mau tons ka nui o ke kāleka honua, kahi piʻi o 4.2% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka makahiki 2021, he 10.13 miliona mu ka wahi kanu kālika o Kina, he 8.4% ka emi o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki; He 21.625 miliona tons ko Kina, he 10% ka emi o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki. Wahi a ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hana kālika ma nā wahi like ʻole a puni ka honua, ʻo Kina ka ʻāina me ka nui o ka hana kālika ma ka honua. I ka makahiki 2019, ua helu mua ʻia ka hana kālika o Kina ma ka honua me 23.306 miliona mau tons, e helu ana no 75.9% o ka hana honua.
Wahi a ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kumu hana maʻamau no nā mea ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Kina i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka China Green Food Development Center, aia he 6 mau kumu hana maʻamau no nā meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo (garlic) ma Kina, a ʻo 5 nā kumu kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa no ke kāleka, me ka nui o ke kanu ʻana o 956,000 mu, a ʻo 1 kahi kumu hana maʻamau no nā mea kanu he nui me ke kāleka; Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumu hana hana ʻeono i ʻehā mau panalāʻau, ʻo Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan, a me Xinjiang. ʻO Jiangsu ka helu nui loa o nā kumu hana maʻamau no ke kāleka, me ka nui o ʻelua. ʻO kekahi o lākou he kumu hana maʻamau no nā mea kanu like ʻole, me ke kāleka.
Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā wahi kanu kālika ma Kina, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kanu ʻana ma nā moku ʻo Shandong, Henan, a me Jiangsu, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ka nui o ka ʻāina. ʻO nā wahi kanu kālika ma nā panalāʻau hoʻohua nui pū kekahi. ʻO ka ʻāina nui loa o ka mahi ʻai kālika ma Kina aia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Shandong, me ka nui o ka nui o ke kāleka i hoʻoiho ʻia ma 2021 he 1,186,447,912 kg ma Shandong Province. Ma 2021, ʻo ka wahi kanu kālika ma Shandong Province he 3,948,800 mu, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 68%; ʻO 570100 mu ka wahi kanu kālika ma ka ʻāina ʻo Hebei, he 132% ka nui o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki; He 2,811,200 mu ka wahi kanu keleka ma ka mokuna o Henan, he 68% ka nui o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki; ʻO ka wahi kanu ma Jiangsu Province he 1,689,700 mu, he 17% ka nui o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā wahi kanu kālika ma Jinxiang County, Lanling County, Guangrao County, Yongnian County, Hebei Province, Qi County, Henan Province, Dafeng City, North Jiangsu Province, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, Xinjiang, a me nā wahi hana kālika.
Wahi a ka "2022-2027 China Garlic Industry Market Deep Research and Investment Strategy Prediction Report" i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
He kūlanakauhale kaulana ʻo Jinxiang County o ke kāleka ma Kina, me ka mōʻaukala o ke kanu ʻana i ke kāleka no kahi o 2000 mau makahiki. ʻO 700,000 mu ka ʻāpana o ke kāleka i kanu ʻia i loko o ka makahiki, me ka hoʻopuka makahiki ma kahi o 800,000 tons. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā huahana Garlic i ʻoi aku ma mua o 160 mau ʻāina a me nā ʻāina. E like me ke kala o ka ʻili, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kāleka Jinxiang i ke kāleka keʻokeʻo a me ke kāleka poni. I ka makahiki 2021, he 551,600 mu ka wahi kanu kālika ma Jinxiang County, Shandong Province, he 3.1% ka emi ʻana o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki; ʻO ka hana kālika ma Jinxiang County, Shandong Province he 977,600 tons, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 2.6%.
I ka pule 9 o 2023 (02.20-02.26), ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻai kūʻai nui o ke kāleka he 6.8 yuan / kg, ma lalo o 8.6% makahiki-ma-makahiki a me 0.58% mahina-ma-mahina. I ka makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hiki ke kumu kūʻai nui o ke kāleka i ka 7.43 yuan/kg, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai nui haʻahaʻa he 5.61 yuan/kg. Mai ka makahiki 2017, ke emi nei ke kumukūʻai o ke kāleka ma ka ʻāina, a mai ka makahiki 2019, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ke kāleka i ke ʻano piʻi. He kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ke kālepa kālika o Kina i 2020; I Iune 2022, ʻo ka nui o ke kālepa kālika o Kina ma kahi o 12,577.25 tons.
Kūlana kūʻai kūʻai mai a hoʻokuʻu aku o ka ʻoihana kālika.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 80% o ka nui o ke ao holoʻokoʻa i nā kālika, a ke hōʻike nei i kahi ʻano piʻi piʻi. ʻO Kina ka mea kūʻai kāleka koʻikoʻi loa ma ka honua, me kahi mākeke kūʻai paʻa. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka noi ma ka mākeke kūʻai aku ʻoi aku ka paʻa. Hoʻouna nui ʻia ke kālika o Kina i Asia Hikina Hema, Brazil, Middle East, ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a paʻa mau ke koi o ka mākeke honua. I ka makahiki 2022, ʻo nā ʻāina ʻeono kiʻekiʻe loa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kālika o Kina, ʻo Indonesia, Vietnam, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Malaysia, Philippines, a me Pasila, me ka helu ʻana o 68% o ka nui o nā hoʻoiho.https://www.ll-foods.com/products/fruits-and-vegetables/garlic/
ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku he mau huahana mua. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kālika a Kina ma luna o nā huahana mua e like me ke kāleka hou a i ʻole ke kālika maloʻo, ke kāleka winika, a me ke kāleka paʻakai. I ka makahiki 2018, ʻo 89.2% ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kāleka hou a maloʻo paha, ʻoiai ʻo 10.1%.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano kikoʻī kikoʻī o nā kālika i lawe ʻia ma Kina, i Ianuali 2021, aia ka piʻi maikaʻi ʻole o ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kāleka hou a maloʻo a me ke kāleka i hana ʻia a mālama ʻia me ka vīnega a i ʻole acetic acid; I Pepeluali 2021, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kālika hou a i ʻole i loko o ka friji ma Kina he 4429.5 tons, ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki he 146.21%, a ʻo ka nui o ka lawe ʻana he 8.477 miliona mau kālā ʻAmelika, kahi hoʻonui makahiki o 129%; I ka mahina o Pepeluali, ua hoʻonui maikaʻi ka nui o ka lawe ʻana aku i nā ʻano kālika ʻē aʻe.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kēlā me kēia mahina ma 2020, ma muli o ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi ma waho, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ke koena koi i ka mākeke kāleka honua, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā pono mākeke hou no ka lawe ʻana i ke kāleka o Kina. Mai Ianuali a Kekemapa, ua maikaʻi ke kūlana hoʻopuka kālika o Kina. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2021, ua hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kālika o Kina, me ka nui o ka hoʻoiho ʻana he 286,200 tons mai Ianuali a Pepeluali, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki he 26.47%.
ʻO Kina ka ʻāina nui loa ma ka honua e ulu a hoʻokuʻu aku i ke kāleka. ʻO ke kāleka kekahi o nā ʻano mea kanu koʻikoʻi ma Kina. ʻO ke kāleka a me kāna mau huahana nā meaʻai ʻono kuʻuna i makemake nui ʻia e ka poʻe. Ua kanuʻiaʻo Garlic ma mua o 2000 mau makahiki ma Kina,ʻaʻole wale me ka moʻolelo lōʻihi o ka mahiʻaiʻana, akā, me kahi māla nui a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe. I ka makahiki 2021, he 1.8875 miliona tons ka nui o ka lawe kalakala o Kina, he 15.45% ka emi o ka makahiki ma ka makahiki; He 199,199.29 miliona mau dala ʻAmelika ka waiwai kūʻai aku o ke kāleka, ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka makahiki he 1.7%.
Ma Kina, kūʻai nui ʻia ke kāleka hou, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā huahana kālika i hoʻoponopono ʻia a me nā pono waiwai haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke ala kūʻai o ke kāleka e hilinaʻi nui ana i ka lawe ʻana aku i ke kāleka. I ka makahiki 2021, ua loaʻa iā Indonesia ka nui loa o ke kālika i lawe aku ma Kina, me 562,724,500 kilokani.
E hoʻomaka ana ka huaʻai hou o ke kālika ma Kina i 2023 i Iune. Hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kumu e like me ka emi ʻana o ka wahi kanu kālika a me ka wā ʻino, ua lilo ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hana i kumuhana o ke kūkākūkā nui. I kēia manawa, manaʻo nui ka mākeke e piʻi ke kumukūʻai o ke kāleka hou, a ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumu kūʻai o ke kāleka i loko o ka waihona anuanu ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kāleka i ke kau hou.
Mai – LLFOODS Keʻena Kūʻai
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-24-2023