Idatha ibonisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kukagalikhi emhlabeni wonke kubonisa ukukhula okuzinzile kusukela ku-2014 kuya ku-2020. Ngo-2020, ukukhiqizwa kukagalikhi emhlabeni wonke kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-32, ukwanda kwe-4.2% ngonyaka. Ngo-2021, indawo yokutshala ugalikhi yaseShayina yayiyizigidi ezingu-10.13 mu, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-8.4%; Ukukhiqizwa kukagalikhi waseChina bekungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-21.625, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-10%. Ngokusho kokusatshalaliswa kokukhiqizwa kukagalikhi ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele, iChina iyisifunda esikhiqiza ugalikhi ophakeme kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngo-2019, ukukhiqizwa kukagalikhi waseChina kwakleliswa kuqala emhlabeni ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-23.306, okubalelwa ku-75.9% wokukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke.
Ngokolwazi olusekelwe ezisekelweni zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile zokudla okuluhlaza okotshani okukhishwe yi-China Green Food Development Center, kunezisekelo ezi-6 zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile zezinto ezingavuthiwe zokudla (isweli) e-China, okuyizisekelo ezi-5 zazo ezizimele zokukhiqiza ugalikhi, ezinendawo yokutshala isiyonke engu-956,000 mu, kanti u-1 uyisizinda sokukhiqiza esijwayelekile sezitshalo eziningi okuhlanganisa nogalikhi; Izisekelo eziyisithupha zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile zisatshalaliswa ezifundazweni ezine, iJiangsu, iShandong, iSichuan, neXinjiang. I-Jiangsu inenani elikhulu kunawo wonke lezisekelo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile zikagalikhi, ezinengqikithi emibili. Esinye sazo siyisisekelo sokukhiqiza esijwayelekile sezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nogalikhi.
Izindawo zokutshala i-garlic zisakazwa kakhulu eShayina, kodwa indawo yokutshala igxile kakhulu ezifundazweni zeShandong, Henan, kanye neJiangsu, ibalwa ngaphezu kwama-50% wendawo yonke. Izindawo zokutshala u-garlic ezifundazweni ezikhiqizayo ezinkulu nazo zigxile kakhulu. Indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokulinywa kukagalikhi eShayina iseSifundazweni SaseShandong, nevolumu enkulu yokuthekelisa kagalikhi ngo-2021 ingu-1,186,447,912 kg esifundazweni saseShandong. Ngo-2021, indawo yokutshala ugalikhi esiFundazweni saseShandong yayingamamu angu-3,948,800, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-68%; Indawo okutshalwe kuyo ugalikhi esiFundazweni saseHebei ibingu-570100 mu, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-132%; Indawo okutshalwe kuyo ugalikhi esiFundazweni saseHenan ibingu-2,811,200 mu, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-68%; Indawo yokutshala esiFundazweni saseJiangsu yayingama-mu angu-1,689,700, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-17%. Izindawo zokutshala ugalikhi zisakazwa kabanzi eJinxiang County, Lanling County, Guangrao County, Yongnian County, Hebei County, Qi County, Henan Province, Dafeng City, North Jiangsu Province, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Province Yunnan, Xinjiang, nezinye izindawo ezikhiqiza ugalikhi.
Ngokombiko othi “2022-2027 China Garlic Industry Deep Research and Investment Strategy Prediction Report” okhishwe uMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya.
I-Jinxiang County iyidolobha elidumile likagalikhi eChina, elinomlando wokutshala ugalikhi iminyaka engaba ngu-2000. Indawo kagalikhi etshalwe unyaka wonke ingu-700,000 mu, ngomkhiqizo wonyaka wamathani angama-800,000. Imikhiqizo kagalikhi ithunyelwa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-160. Ngokombala wesikhumba, i-Jinxiang garlic ingahlukaniswa ibe ugalikhi omhlophe kanye nogalikhi onsomi. Ngo-2021, indawo yokutshala ugalikhi esiFundazweni saseJinxiang, eSifundazweni saseShandong yayingama-mu 551,600, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-3.1%; Ukukhiqizwa kukagalikhi esiFundazweni saseJinxiang, eSifundazweni saseShandong bekungamathani angu-977,600, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-2.6%.
Esontweni lesi-9 lika-2023 (02.20-02.26), isilinganiso sikazwelonke sentengo kagalikhi sasingu-6.8 yuan/kg, sehle ngo-8.6% unyaka nonyaka kanye no-0.58% inyanga nenyanga. Onyakeni odlule, isilinganiso sikazwelonke sentengo kagalikhi safinyelela ku-7.43 yuan/kg, futhi intengo ephansi kakhulu ye-wholesale yayingu-5.61 yuan/kg. Kusukela ngo-2017, intengo kagalikhi ezweni lonke iye yehla, futhi kusukela ngo-2019, intengo kagalikhi ibonise umkhuba okhuphukayo. Umthamo wokuhweba kagalikhi waseChina uphezulu ngo-2020; NgoJuni 2022, ivolumu yokuhweba kukagalikhi yaseChina yayicishe ibe ngamathani ayi-12,577.25.
Isimo semakethe yokungenisa nokuthekelisa yemboni kagalikhi.
Ukuthunyelwa kukagalikhi kwamanye amazwe kubalelwa ngaphezu kwama-80% engqikithi yomhlaba wonke, futhi kubonisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo esikhuphukayo. I-China ingumkhiqizi kagalikhi obaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, enemakethe yokuthekelisa ezinzile. Ukukhula kwesidingo emakethe yokuthekelisa kuzinzile. Ugalikhi waseChina uthunyelwa kakhulu eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eBrazil, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Europe nase-United States, kanti isidingo semakethe yamazwe ngamazwe sizinzile. Ngo-2022, amazwe ayisithupha ahamba phambili ekuthengisweni kukagalikhi eChina kwakuyi-Indonesia, Vietnam, United States, Malaysia, Philippines, kanye neBrazil, nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubalelwa ku-68% wesamba esithengisiwe.https://www.ll-foods.com/products/fruits-and-vegetables/garlic/
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi yimikhiqizo eyinhloko. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Shayina kukagalikhi kusekelwe kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokuqala efana nogalikhi omusha noma opholile, u-garlic owomile, u-garlic oviniga, nogalikhi ofakwe usawoti. Ngo-2018, ukuthengiswa kukagalikhi omusha noma obandayo kwabalelwa ku-89.2% wesamba esithengisiwe, kuyilapho ugalikhi owomile othunyelwa ngaphandle kwaba ngu-10.1%.
Ngokombono wezinhlobo ezithile zokuthunyelwa kukagalikhi eChina, ngoJanuwari 2021, kwaba nokukhuphuka okungekuhle kwenani lokuthekelisa kwamanye ugalikhi omusha noma obandayo kanye nesweli eyenziwe noma egcinwe ngoviniga noma i-acetic acid; NgoFebhuwari 2021, umthamo wokuthekelisa kwamanye ugalikhi omusha noma oqandisiwe eShayina wawungamathani angama-4429.5, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-146.21%, kanti inani lokuthekelisa lalingamaRandi ayizigidi eziyi-8.477, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-129%; NgoFebhuwari, ivolumu yokuthekelisa kwezinye izinhlobo zikagalikhi landa kahle.
Ngokombono wevolumu yokuthekelisa yanyanga zonke ngo-2020, ngenxa yokusabalala okuqhubekayo kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe phesheya kwezilwandle, ibhalansi yokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo emakethe kagalikhi yamazwe ngamazwe iphazamisekile, futhi sekudalwe izinzuzo ezengeziwe zemakethe zokuthunyelwa kukagalikhi eChina. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuZibandlela, isimo saseShayina sokuthekelisa ugalikhi sihlala sisihle. Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, ukuthunyelwa kukagalikhi eChina kukhombise umfutho omuhle, nenani eliphelele lokuthumela ngaphandle elingamathani angama-286,200 kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngama-26.47%.
I-China yizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elitshala futhi lithumele ugarliki kwamanye amazwe. I-garlic ingenye yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezibalulekile eShayina. I-garlic kanye nemikhiqizo yayo iwukudla kwendabuko okunambitheka okuthandwa abantu. I-garlic isilinywe iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000 eShayina, hhayi nje ngomlando omude wokulinywa, kodwa futhi nendawo enkulu yokulima kanye nesivuno esikhulu. Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kukagalikhi waseChina wawungamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.8875, ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngama-15.45%; Inani lokuthekelisa likagalikhi laliyizigidi eziyi-199,199.29 zamadola aseMelika, ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngo-1.7%.
E-China, u-garlic omusha uthengiswa kakhulu, nemikhiqizo embalwa kagalikhi ecutshungulwe ngokujulile kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho eziphansi. Isiteshi sokuthengisa sikagalikhi sincike kakhulu ekuthengisweni kukagalikhi kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2021, i-Indonesia yayinevolumu enkulu yokuthekelisa kagalikhi eChina, enamakhilogremu angama-562,724,500.
Isivuno sesizini esisha sokukhiqizwa kukagalikhi eChina ngo-2023 sizoqala ngoJuni. Ethintwa izici ezifana nokuncipha kwendawo yokutshala ugalikhi kanye nesimo sezulu esibi, ukuncipha kokukhiqizwa sekuphenduke isihloko sengxoxo evamile. Njengamanje, imakethe ngokuvamile ilindele ukuthi intengo kagalikhi entsha inyuke, futhi ukwenyuka kwentengo kagalikhi endaweni ebandayo yikhona okugqugquzela ukukhuphuka kwentengo kagalikhi enkathini entsha.
Kusukela - Umnyango Wezokumaketha wakwa-LLFOODS
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-24-2023