Idatha ibonisa ukuba imveliso yegalikhi yehlabathi ibonise ukukhula okuzinzile ukusuka kwi-2014 ukuya ku-2020. Ngo-2020, imveliso yegalikhi yehlabathi yayiyi-32 yezigidi zeetoni, ukwanda kwe-4.2% ngonyaka. Ngo-2021, indawo yokutyala igalikhi yaseChina yayiyi-10.13 yezigidi mu, ukuhla konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-8.4%; Imveliso yegalikhi yaseTshayina yayiziitoni zezigidi ezingama-21.625, ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka nge-10%. Ngokokusasazwa kwemveliso yegalikhi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele, iTshayina ngowona mmandla uneyona mveliso iphezulu ikonofile emhlabeni. Ngo-2019, imveliso yegalikhi yaseTshayina yabekwa kwindawo yokuqala emhlabeni ngeetoni ezizizigidi ezingama-23.306, ibalelwa kwi-75.9% yemveliso yehlabathi.
Ngokolwazi malunga neziseko ezisemgangathweni zokuvelisa ukutya okuluhlaza e-China ekhutshwe yi-China Green Food Development Centre, kukho iziseko ze-6 ezisemgangathweni zokuvelisa ukutya okuluhlaza (igalikhi) e-China, apho i-5 iziseko zokuvelisa ezizimeleyo zegalikhi, kunye nendawo yokutyala i-956,000 mu, kunye ne-1 isiseko sokuvelisa ngokusemgangathweni kwizityalo ezininzi ezibandakanya igalikhi; Iziseko ezithandathu zemveliso ezisemgangathweni zisasazwe kumaphondo amane, iJiangsu, iShandong, iSichuan, neXinjiang. I-Jiangsu inelona nani likhulu leziseko zokuvelisa ezisemgangathweni zegalikhi, zinezimbini zizonke. Enye yazo sisiseko semveliso esisemgangathweni sezityalo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ikonofile.
Iindawo zokutyala igalikhi zisasazwa ngokubanzi eChina, kodwa indawo yokutyala igxile kakhulu kwiphondo laseShandong, Henan, kunye neJiangsu, libalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-50% yendawo yonke. Iindawo zokulinywa kwegalikhi kumaphondo avelisa imveliso enkulu nazo zixinene. Indawo enkulu yokulima igalikhi e-China kwiPhondo laseShandong, kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokuthumela ikonofile kwi-2021 ibe yi-1,186,447,912 kg kwiPhondo laseShandong. Ngo-2021, indawo yokutyala igalikhi kwiPhondo laseShandong yayiyi-3,948,800 mu, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-68%; Indawo yokutyala igalikhi kwiPhondo laseHebei yayiyi-570100 mu, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-132%; Indawo yokutyala ikonofile kwiPhondo laseHenan yayiyi-2,811,200 mu, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-68%; Indawo yokutyala kwiPhondo laseJiangsu yayiyi-1,689,700 mu, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-17%. Iindawo zokutyala igalikhi zisasazwa ngokubanzi kwiNqila yaseJinxiang, kwiNqila yaseLanling, kwiNqila yaseGuangrao, kwiNqila yaseYongnian, kwiPhondo laseHebei, kwiNqila yaseQi, kwiPhondo laseHenan, kwisiXeko saseDafeng, kwiPhondo laseNorth Jiangsu, kwisiXeko sasePengzhou, kwiPhondo laseSichuan, kwiPhondo laseDali Bai, kwiPhondo laseYunnan, kwiXinjiang, nakwezinye iindawo ezivelisa ikonofile.
Ngokwe "2022-2027 China Garlic Industry Market deep Research and Investment Strategy Prediction Report" ekhutshwe nguMphathiswa wezoLimo kunye neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni.
I-Jinxiang County yidolophu eyaziwayo yegalikhi e-China, enembali yokutyala ikonofile malunga neminyaka engama-2000. Indawo yegalikhi etyalwe unyaka wonke yi-700,000 mu, kunye nemveliso yonyaka malunga neetoni ezingama-800,000. Iimveliso zegalikhi zithunyelwa kumazwe angaphezu kwama-160 nakwimimandla. Ngokombala wolusu, ikonofile yeJinxiang inokohlulwa ibe yigalikhi emhlophe kunye negalikhi emfusa. Kwi-2021, indawo yokutyala igalikhi kwi-Jinxiang County, iPhondo laseShandong laliyi-551,600 mu, ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka we-3.1%; Imveliso yegalikhi kwiNqila yaseJinxiang, kwiPhondo laseShandong yayiziitoni ezingama-977,600, ukwanda konyaka-ngonyaka nge-2.6%.
Kwiveki ye-9 ye-2023 (02.20-02.26), ixabiso eliphakathi kwelizwe lonke legalikhi laliyi-6.8 yuan / kg, phantsi kwe-8.6% ngonyaka kunye ne-0.58% inyanga nenyanga. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, i-avareji yexabiso le-whoseyile yelizwe jikelele yegalikhi ifikelele kwi-7.43 yuan/kg, kwaye elona xabiso liphantsi laliyi-5.61 yuan/kg. Ukususela ngo-2017, ixabiso legalikhi kwilizwe lonke liye lehla, kwaye ukususela ngo-2019, ixabiso legalikhi libonise ukunyuka okunyukayo. Umthamo wokurhweba ikonofile yaseTshayina uphezulu ngo-2020; NgoJuni ka-2022, umthamo wokurhweba ikonofile yaseTshayina wawumalunga neetoni eziyi-12,577.25.
Ngenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle imeko yemarike yoshishino ikonofile.
Ukuthunyelwa kwegalikhi kumazwe angaphandle kubalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-80% yetotali yehlabathi, kwaye ibonisa ukuguquguquka okunyukayo. I-China yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ethumela ikonofile kwihlabathi, kunye nemarike yokuthumela ngaphandle izinzile. Ukukhula kwemfuno kwimarike yokuthumela ngaphandle kuzinzile. Ikonofile yaseTshayina ithunyelwa ikakhulu kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, eBrazil, kuMbindi Mpuma, eYurophu naseUnited States, kwaye imfuno yemarike yamazwe ngamazwe izinzile. Ngo-2022, amazwe amathandathu aphezulu ekuthengiseni ikonofile yase-China yayiyi-Indonesia, Vietnam, United States, Malaysia, Philippines, kunye ne-Brazil, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwemveliso kumazwe angaphandle kubalelwa kwi-68% yazo zonke izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.https://www.ll-foods.com/products/fruits-and-vegetables/garlic/
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ikakhulu ziimveliso eziphambili. Ukuthunyelwa kwegalikhi eTshayina ikakhulu kusekwe kwiimveliso eziphambili ezifana negalikhi entsha okanye epholileyo, ikonofile eyomileyo, igalikhi yeviniga, kunye negalikhi enetyuwa. Ngo-2018, ukuthunyelwa kwegalikhi entsha okanye ebandayo kubalelwa kwi-89.2% yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwegalikhi eyomileyo kubalelwa kwi-10.1%.
Ukusuka kumbono weentlobo ezithile zokuthunyelwa kwegalikhi eChina, ngoJanuwari 2021, kwakukho ukunyuka okungalunganga kwinani lokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe okanye igalikhi epholileyo kunye negalikhi eyenziwe okanye egcinwe ngeviniga okanye i-acetic acid; NgoFebruwari 2021, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwenye igalikhi entsha okanye efrijini e-China yayiyi-4429.5 yeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-146.21%, kwaye imali yokuthumela ngaphandle yayiyi-8.477 yezigidi zeedola zase-US, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-129%; NgoFebruwari, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwezinye iintlobo zegalikhi unyuke kakuhle.
Ngokwembono yomthamo wenyanga wokuthumela ngaphandle ngo-2020, ngenxa yokusasazeka kwezifo zezifo zaphesheya kolwandle, ukubonelela kunye nokulungelelana kwemfuno kwimakethi yegalikhi yamazwe ngamazwe kuphazamisekile, kwaye iinzuzo ezongezelelweyo zemarike zidalwe ukuthunyelwa kwegalikhi eChina. Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba, imeko yokuthumela ikonofile yaseTshayina yahlala ilungile. Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, i-China yokuthunyelwa kwegalikhi kumazwe angaphandle ibonise isantya esihle, kunye nenani elipheleleyo lokuthumela ngaphandle kweetoni ezingama-286,200 ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebruwari, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-26.47%.
I-China lelona lizwe likhulu ehlabathini elilima kwaye lithumele ikonofile kumazwe angaphandle. Igalikhi yenye yeentlobo zezityalo ezibalulekileyo eTshayina. Igalikhi kunye neemveliso zayo kukutya okunencasa kwesintu okuthandwa ngabantu. I-garlic ilinywe iminyaka engaphezu kwe-2000 e-China, kungekhona nje ngembali ende yokulima, kodwa kunye nendawo enkulu yokulima kunye nesivuno esiphezulu. Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwegalikhi yaseChina wawuyi-1.8875 yezigidi zeetoni, ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka we-15.45%; Ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwegalikhi laliyi-199,199.29 yezigidi zeedola zase-US, ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka nge-1.7%.
E-China, igalikhi entsha ithengiswa ikakhulu, kunye neemveliso ezimbalwa zegalikhi ezicutshungulweyo kunye neenzuzo eziphantsi kwezoqoqosho. Umjelo wokuthengisa wegalikhi ikakhulu uxhomekeke ekuthunyelweni kwegalikhi kumazwe angaphandle. Kwi-2021, i-Indonesia yayinomthamo omkhulu wokuthumela ngaphandle kwegalikhi e-China, kunye neekhilogram ezingama-562,724,500.
Isityalo esitsha sonyaka wemveliso yegalikhi e-China ngo-2023 siya kuqalisa ngoJuni. Ukuchatshazelwa yizinto ezifana nokunciphisa indawo yokutyala igalikhi kunye nemozulu embi, ukunciphisa imveliso kuye kwaba sisihloko sengxoxo jikelele. Okwangoku, imarike ngokubanzi ilindele ukuba ixabiso legalikhi elitsha linyuke, kwaye ukunyuka kwexabiso legalikhi kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo kukunyanzeliswa kokunyuka kwexabiso legalikhi kwixesha elitsha.
Ukusuka – kwiSebe leNtengiso leLLFOODS
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-24-2023