Imibare igaragaza ko umusaruro w’ibitunguru ku isi wagaragaje ko uhagaze kuva mu 2014 kugeza 2020. Mu 2020, umusaruro w’ibitunguru ku isi wari toni miliyoni 32, ubwiyongere bwa 4.2% buri mwaka. Mu 2021, ubuso bw’ibitunguru mu Bushinwa bwari miliyoni 10.13 mu, igabanuka rya 8.4% umwaka ku mwaka; umusaruro w’ibitunguru mu Bushinwa wari toni miliyoni 21.625, igabanuka rya 10% umwaka ku mwaka. Dukurikije uko umusaruro w’ibitunguru ukwirakwira mu turere dutandukanye ku isi, Ubushinwa ni bwo karere gafite umusaruro mwinshi w’ibitunguru ku isi. Mu 2019, umusaruro w’ibitunguru mu Bushinwa wari uwa mbere ku isi ufite toni miliyoni 23.306, bingana na 75.9% by’umusaruro ku isi.
Dukurikije amakuru ajyanye n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umusaruro w’ibiribwa fatizo mu Bushinwa yashyizwe ahagaragara n’Ikigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’ibiribwa bishya mu Bushinwa, hari ibipimo 6 by’umusaruro w’ibiryo fatizo (tungurusumu) mu Bushinwa, muri byo 5 ni ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umusaruro w’ibitunguru, bifite ubuso bungana na mu 956.000, naho 1 ni ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umusaruro w’ibihingwa byinshi birimo tungurusumu; Ibipimo bitandatu by’umusaruro w’ibitunguru bikwirakwizwa mu ntara enye, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan, na Xinjiang. Jiangsu ifite umubare munini w’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umusaruro w’ibitunguru, hamwe na bibiri muri byo. Kimwe muri byo ni ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umusaruro w’ibihingwa bitandukanye, harimo na tungurusumu.
Ahantu hahingwa tungurusumu hakwirakwiriye cyane mu Bushinwa, ariko agace gahingwamo kaba gaherereye cyane mu ntara za Shandong, Henan, na Jiangsu, kakaba gafite ubuso burenga 50% by'ubuso bwose. Ahantu hahingwa tungurusumu mu ntara nini zikora na ho haboneka ubwinshi. Ahantu hahingwa tungurusumu hanini cyane mu Bushinwa ni mu Ntara ya Shandong, aho ingano nini y'itungurusumu yoherezwa mu mahanga mu 2021 ari kg 1.186.447.912 mu Ntara ya Shandong. Mu 2021, agace gahingwa tungurusumu mu Ntara ya Shandong kari mu 3.948.800 mu, ubwiyongere bwa 68% mu mwaka ku mwaka; Agace gahingwa tungurusumu mu Ntara ya Hebei kari mu 570100 mu, ubwiyongere bwa 132% mu mwaka ku mwaka; Agace gahingwa tungurusumu mu Ntara ya Henan kari mu 2.811.200 mu, ubwiyongere bwa 68% mu mwaka ku mwaka; Agace gahingwamo tungurusumu mu Ntara ya Jiangsu kari mu 1.689.700 mu, ubwiyongere bwa 17%. Ahantu haterwa tungurusumu hakwirakwijwe cyane mu Karere ka Jinxiang, Akarere ka Lanling, Akarere ka Guangrao, Akarere ka Yongnian, Intara ya Hebei, Akarere ka Qi, Intara ya Henan, Umujyi wa Dafeng, Intara ya Jiangsu y'Amajyaruguru, Umujyi wa Pengzhou, Intara ya Sichuan, Intara yigenga ya Dali Bai, Intara ya Yunnan, Xinjiang, n'ahandi hakorerwa tungurusumu.
Dukurikije "Raporo y'ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isoko ry'inganda z'itungurusumu mu Bushinwa 2022-2027 n'ingamba zo guteganya ishoramari" yashyizwe ahagaragara na Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Ibyaro.
Akarere ka Jinxiang ni akarere kazwi cyane k’ibitunguru mu Bushinwa, gafite amateka yo gutera tungurusumu mu myaka igera kuri 2000. Ubuso bw’ibitunguru buhingwa mu mwaka wose ni 700.000 mu, umusaruro wabyo ukaba ungana na toni 800.000 ku mwaka. Ibikomoka kuri tungurusumu byoherezwa mu bihugu birenga 160 n’uturere. Dukurikije ibara ry’uruhu, tungurusumu ya Jinxiang ishobora kugabanywamo tungurusumu yera n’umuhengeri. Mu 2021, agace gahingwamo tungurusumu mu Karere ka Jinxiang, mu Ntara ya Shandong kari 551.600 mu, kugabanuka kwa 3.1% uko umwaka ugenda uhita; umusaruro wa tungurusumu mu Karere ka Jinxiang, mu Ntara ya Shandong wari toni 977.600, kuzamuka kwa 2.6% uko umwaka ugenda uhita.
Mu cyumweru cya 9 cya 2023 (02.20-02.26), igiciro cy’itungurusumu ku rwego rw’igihugu cyari 6.8 yuan/kg, cyagabanutseho 8.6% ugereranyije n’umwaka na 0.58% ugereranije n’ukwezi. Mu mwaka ushize, igiciro cy’itungurusumu ku rwego rw’igihugu cyageze kuri 7.43 yuan/kg, naho igiciro gito cyane ku rwego rw’igihugu cyari 5.61 yuan/kg. Kuva mu 2017, igiciro cya tungurusumu mu gihugu hose cyaragabanutse, kandi kuva mu 2019, igiciro cya tungurusumu cyagaragaje iterambere rizamuka. Ingano y’ubucuruzi bwa tungurusumu mu Bushinwa iri hejuru muri 2020; Muri Kamena 2022, ingano y’ubucuruzi bwa tungurusumu mu Bushinwa yari toni zigera ku 12,577.25.
Uko isoko ry’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byifashe mu nganda z’ibitunguru.
Tungurusumu zoherezwa mu mahanga zirenga 80% by’ibicuruzwa byose ku isi, kandi zigaragaza ko zizamuka cyane. Ubushinwa ni bwo bushora imari mu mahanga kurusha ibindi ku isi, bufite isoko ryo kohereza mu mahanga rihamye. Izamuka ry’ibikenewe ku isoko ryo kohereza mu mahanga rirahamye. Tungurusumu zo mu Bushinwa zoherezwa cyane cyane muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo, Brezili, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, Uburayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kandi isoko mpuzamahanga rihagaze neza. Mu 2022, ibihugu bitandatu bya mbere mu byohereza mu mahanga tungurusumu mu Bushinwa ni Indoneziya, Viyetinamu, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Maleziya, Filipine na Brezili, aho ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bingana na 68% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose.https://www.ll-foods.com/products/fruits-and-vegetables/garlic/
Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ahanini ni ibintu by'ibanze. Kohereza hanze tungurusumu mu Bushinwa bishingiye ahanini ku bicuruzwa by'ibanze nka tungurusumu nshya cyangwa ikonje, tungurusumu yumye, vinegere tungurusumu, na tungurusumu irimo umunyu. Mu 2018, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga tungurusumu nshya cyangwa ikonje byari 89.2% by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose, mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by'itungurusumu yumye byari 10.1%.
Ukurikije ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibitunguru byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa, muri Mutarama 2021, habayeho ukwiyongera kubi mu ngano y'ibindi tungurusumu bishya cyangwa bikonje na tungurusumu byakozwe cyangwa bibitswe na vinegere cyangwa aside asetiki; Muri Gashyantare 2021, ingano y'ibindi tungurusumu bishya cyangwa bikonjeshejwe mu Bushinwa yari toni 4429.5, ubwiyongere bw'umwaka ku mwaka bwa 146.21%, naho ingano y'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga yari miliyoni 8.477 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ubwiyongere bw'umwaka ku mwaka bwa 129%; Muri Gashyantare, ingano y'ibindi bitunguru byoherezwa mu mahanga yariyongereye neza.
Ukurikije ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga buri kwezi muri 2020, bitewe n’ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo mu mahanga rikomeje, uburinganire bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibikenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga ry’itungurusumu bwarahungabanye, kandi hari ibindi byiza ku isoko byoherezwa mu mahanga n’Ubushinwa. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukuboza, imiterere y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’Ubushinwa yakomeje kuba myiza. Mu ntangiriro za 2021, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’Ubushinwa n’Ubushinwa byagaragaje imbaraga nziza, aho ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ya toni 286.200 kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, ubwiyongere bwa 26.47% buri mwaka.
Ubushinwa ni cyo gihugu kinini ku isi gihinga kandi cyohereza hanze tungurusumu. Tungurusumu ni imwe mu moko y'ibihingwa by'ingenzi mu Bushinwa. Tungurusumu n'ibikomoka kuri yo ni ibiryo gakondo biryoha abantu bakunda. Tungurusumu imaze imyaka irenga 2000 ihingwa mu Bushinwa, atari gusa ifite amateka maremare yo guhinga, ahubwo inafite ubuso bunini bwo guhinga n'umusaruro mwinshi. Mu 2021, ingano y'itungurusumu yoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa yari toni miliyoni 1.8875, igabanuka rya 15.45% uko umwaka utashye; Agaciro k'itungurusumu yoherezwa mu mahanga kari miliyoni 199.199.29 z'amadolari y'Amerika, igabanuka rya 1.7% uko umwaka utashye.
Mu Bushinwa, tungurusumu nshya igurishwa cyane cyane, ifite ibikomoka kuri tungurusumu bike byatunganyijwe neza kandi inyungu zayo mu bukungu ni nke. Umuyoboro w’ibicuruzwa bya tungurusumu ushingiye ahanini ku kohereza tungurusumu mu mahanga. Mu 2021, Indoneziya yari ifite umubare munini w’ibikomoka kuri tungurusumu byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa, ifite ibiro 562,724,500.
Umusaruro mushya w'ibihingwa by'itungurusumu mu Bushinwa mu 2023 uzatangira muri Kamena. Bitewe n'ibintu nko kugabanuka k'ubuso bw'ibihingwa bya tungurusumu n'ikirere kibi, kugabanuka k'umusaruro byabaye ingingo iganirwaho muri rusange. Muri iki gihe, isoko muri rusange ryiteze ko igiciro cya tungurusumu nshya kizamuka, kandi izamuka ry'ibiciro bya tungurusumu mu bubiko bukonje ni byo bituma ibiciro bya tungurusumu bizamuka muri iki gihembwe gishya.
Kuva – Ishami rishinzwe iyamamazabikorwa rya LLFOODS
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-24-2023